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Vehicle electronic parts are sold out! Those who earn a lot of money, the head gauge Tier1

Update time : 2022-10-20 09:40:22

Vehicle specification level chip refers to the car chip that fully meets all requirements of "vehicle specification certification" and has passed the certification of a third-party certification authority. Compared with consumer chips, car specification chips need to face a more demanding application environment, so their reliability and security requirements are extremely strict.
The mismatch between the supply and demand side and the confusion of the supply volume lead to the continuous lack of car cores, and the main control, power and drive chips of large factories are still the main force of the lack of cores.
Since September 2020, under the influence of epidemic situation, demand and other multiple factors, the core shortage problem has continued to affect the production and manufacturing of vehicles, and chip supply in some fields has deteriorated.
According to the data of the World Automobile Industry Association (OICA), the global total output of automobiles in 2021 will be about 80.15 million, an increase of 3% over the previous year. Although the sales volume has ended the three consecutive years of decline since 2018, in the past 2021, the global automobile market was hit hard by chip shortage, with a cumulative production reduction of more than 10 million vehicles, which is equivalent to the global sales volume of the entire Toyota Group in 2021 (10.5 million vehicles).
This year, according to the latest data of AFS, as of October 9, due to the shortage of chips, the global auto market has reduced the production of about 3.5371 million cars this year. AFS predicts that the cumulative production reduction in the global auto market will climb to 4.3635 million by the end of this year.
From the perspective of the reasons for the lack of core in the automotive industry, it is mainly due to the imbalance between supply and demand and the drawbacks of industrial chain stratification, which lead to the chaos of supply chain management.
On the supply side, the global investment in auto chip capacity is relatively conservative. At present, car chips account for about 10% of the total sales of the global semiconductor market, which is not high. Taking TSMC, the world's largest wafer foundry, as an example, the car chip business accounts for almost no more than 5% of its total business. Moreover, compared with consumer electronics, the gross profit margin of vehicle mounted chips is low, and the technical requirements are strict, so the OEM is not willing in this field.
On the demand side, due to the downturn of the automobile market before 2020, car manufacturers and Tier1 have very low expectations for chip demand. However, with the outbreak of the new energy automobile market, the contradiction between supply and demand has begun to highlight. According to the data of IC Insights, the global automobile chip shipment in 2021 will reach 52.4 billion, with a year-on-year growth of nearly 30%. Compared with the downturn in previous years, it can be said that it is much more than expected.

In addition to the supply and demand side, problems such as obvious stratification, insufficient flexibility and poor communication in the automotive chip supply chain are emerging. Industry insiders pointed out: "Semiconductor suppliers (Tier2) The chip is sold to Tier1, and then Tier1 integrates the function into the module and delivers the system integration scheme to the OEM for assembly and delivery to the vehicle factory. This mode makes Tier1 unable to accurately grasp the needs of vehicle manufacturers and Tier2 unable to make production capacity planning. At the end of 2020 and the beginning of 2021, car manufacturers have begun to feel the recovery of the car market. However, due to the hierarchical relationship of the supply chain, car manufacturers and semiconductor manufacturers have not achieved effective communication and coordination, which has exacerbated the chip supply gap to a certain extent. "

At present, the main categories of car gauge chips with missing cores include master control chip MCU, power supply chip and drive chip, which together account for 74% of the car gauge chips with missing cores, followed by signal chain chips, CAN/LIN and other communication chips; In terms of manufacturers, the lack of cores mainly comes from traditional automobile chip enterprises such as NXP, Texas Instruments, Infineon, and Italian French Semiconductor. On the whole, more than 70% of the lack of cores comes from the above four companies; According to the distribution of the producing areas of core deficiency, 77% of the cores are from Southeast Asia and the United States, mainly because of the serious epidemic situation in Southeast Asia and the United States. Other countries, including Japan and Europe, are facing core deficiency.

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